Influence of Cup Stacking on Hand-Eye Coordination and Reaction Time of Second-Grade Students

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Brian E. Udermann, University of Wisconsin-LaCrosse, LaCrosse, WI,

Steven R. Murray, Mesa State College, Grand Junction, CO,

John Mayer, US Spine and Sport Foundation, LaJolla, CA, and

Kenneth Sagendorf, Syracuse University, Syracuse, NY.
 

Cup stacking has been adopted recently by many physical education programs. Proponents claim that cup stacking enhances hand-eye coordination, ambidexterity, quickness, and concentration. However, no empirical evidence has been published to support these claims.

We examined the influence of cup stacking on hand-eye coordination and reaction time of second-grade students (n = 42; 24 boys, 18 girls). Two physical education classes were randomly assigned as either the treatment or control group and were pre- and post tested for hand-eye coordination and reaction time.

The treatment group participated in a five-week cup stacking program. Repeated measures analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to determine statistical differences at the 0.05 level. Significant improvements were noted for both hand-eye coordination and reaction time between the pre- and post test scores for the treatment group, but not for the control group.

Therefore, these results suggest that cup stacking was indeed effective at enhancing hand-eye coordination and reaction time.

As sport stacking gains popularity world-wide, it is also been given proper recognition by experts in the field of physical education.  The following are some publications that give recognition to sport stacking:

• Dynamic Physical Education for Secondary School Students, fifth edition - by Paul W. Darst & Robert P. Pangrazi

• Unlock Research: Research for Physical Educators, Vol. 3 - by Lawrence F. Locke

• No Gym? No Problem! Physical Activities for Tight Spaces - by Charmain Sutherland

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